Peer-reviewed and preprint literature applying Twinkle fluorogenic reporters (FAST, splitFAST, CATCHFIRE and variants). Search or filter by reporter, type, and year; each entry links to the publisher via DOI.
Bathochromic Shift via C=O to C=S Substitution: A Far-Red Fluorogen for Multiplexed FLIM with FAST Fluorogen-Activating Protein
Extended the FAST palette into the far-red with HBTR-3,5-DOM, a fluorogen made by C=O-to-C=S substitution.
Découverte du rôle des mitochondries dans la différenciation des cellules en neurones
A Le Monde news article on the discovery of mitochondria's role in neuron differentiation (Twinkle-team work).
Anaerobic Fluorescent Reporters for Studying Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Specific Responses in a CF Polymicrobial Assay
A PhD thesis developing anaerobic FAST reporters to study Pseudomonas aeruginosa responses.
Monitoring intracellular antibiotic concentrations in real-time using allosteric biosensors
Used a FAST-based allosteric biosensor to monitor intracellular antibiotic concentrations in real time.
Chemogenetic Modulation of Luciferase Emission Color for Imaging and Sensing
Introduced LumiFAST — chemogenetic modulation of luciferase emission color — for bioluminescence imaging and sensing.
The fluorescence‐activating and absorption‐shifting tag (FAST), a versatile protein marker for live plant cell imaging
Established FAST, greenFAST/redFAST and splitFAST for versatile multicolor imaging in plant cells.
Reversible Chemogenetic Fluorescence Labeling with pFAST in C. elegans
Made a tandem pFAST (td-pFAST) C. elegans strain for reversible multicolor chemogenetic labeling in worms.
Establishing the fluorescence-activating and absorption-shifting tag as a fluorescent reporter
A preprint establishing FAST as a fluorescent reporter in a new host system.
Random Mutagenesis-Based Optimization of the Fluorogen-Activating Protein picoFAST
Optimized picoFAST, an ultra-small fluorogen-activating protein, by random mutagenesis.
Imaging and quantifying organelle contact sites using a reversible splitFAST complementation assay
A methods chapter on imaging and quantifying organelle contact sites with a reversible splitFAST complementation assay.
Chemogenetic timestamping for the precise tracing of cell history into protein assemblies
A preprint on chemogenetic 'timestamping' to trace cell history into protein assemblies.
A tunable and versatile chemogenetic near-infrared fluorescent reporter
Introduced nirFAST, a bright 14-kDa near-infrared reporter for deep, multiplexed imaging that also doubles as a CATCHFIRE proximity tool.
Design and evaluation of a tripartite chemogenetic fluorescent reporter for visualizing ternary protein complexes
Engineered a tripartite (three-fragment) splitFAST that lights up only when three proteins assemble, visualizing ternary complexes in live cells.
Nano-frFAST: Design of a New Genetically-Encoded Far-Red Fluorescent Label
Designed nano-frFAST, a small far-red fluorogen-activating protein, with a matching series of extended-pi fluorogens.
Synthetically programmed antioxidant delivery by a domesticated skin commensal
Engineered a skin commensal bacterium for programmed antioxidant delivery, using FAST to fluorescently track the strains.
Toward Far-red Emitting Chemogenetic Labelling for Live Cell Super-Resolution Microscopy using Fluorescence-Activating and Absorption-Shifting Tag
Reported far-red chemogenetic FAST labeling approaches for background-free super-resolution imaging of intracellular targets.
Deletion of atypical type II restriction genes in Clostridium cellulovorans using a Cas9-based gene editing system
Improved genetic accessibility of the biofuel-relevant anaerobe Clostridium cellulovorans, using FAST as an anaerobic reporter.
Hi-TARGET: A fast, efficient and versatile CRISPR type I-B genome editing tool for the thermophilic acetogen Thermoanaerobacter kivui
Built a CRISPR type I-B genome-editing toolkit for the thermophilic acetogen Thermoanaerobacter kivui, with pFAST as a fluorescent reporter.
CATCHFIRE-Based Versatile and High-Throughput Screening for Protein Secretion in Bacillus subtilis
Used CATCHFIRE to build a high-throughput screen for protein secretion in Bacillus subtilis.
Fluorescence Lifetime-Based Separation of FAST-Labeled Cellular Compartment
A step-by-step protocol for FAST-based fluorescence-lifetime imaging (FLIM) to separate labels sharing a color channel.
Type IV Pili-Associated Secretion of a Biofilm Matrix Protein From Clostridium perfringens That Forms Intermolecular Isopeptide Bonds
Characterized type IV pili-associated secretion of a biofilm matrix protein in Clostridium perfringens, using FAST.
Characterization of Fluorescent Reporters for Flow Cytometry-Based Single-Cell Studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Benchmarked green/red/blue fluorescent reporters, including frFAST, for flow-cytometry single-cell studies in yeast.
Engineering, design and selection of fluorescence-activating proteins for advanced imaging and biosensing
A review of how fluorescence-activating proteins like FAST are engineered, designed and selected for advanced imaging.
A rapid genome-proteome approach to identify rate-limiting steps in the butyrate production pathway in probiotic <i>Clostridium butyricum</i>, CBM588
A genome-proteome approach to find rate-limiting steps in butyrate production by Clostridium butyricum, with FAST reporting.
Mitophagy and release of mitochondrial derived vesicles in cellular models of inducible unfolded protein accumulation in mitochondrial matrix and intermembrane space.
Studied mitophagy and mitochondrial-derived vesicles in inducible cell models, using FAST-family reporters.
Lipid droplet dysmetabolism affects cell homeostasis in an in vitro model of Alzheimer’s disease
Applied splitFAST to link lipid-droplet dysmetabolism to cell-homeostasis defects in an in-vitro Alzheimer's model.
Fluorescence-activating and absorption-shifting tag
The encyclopedia reference entry defining FAST, the 14-kDa tag engineered from photoactive yellow protein (the Wikipedia article itself).
Thermophilic Chassis-Enabled High-Throughput Selection of a Thermostable Fluorogenic Reporter
Selected thermostable FAST variants (hsFAST/tsFAST) via a thermophilic-chassis high-throughput screen.
A color-tailored fluorogenic sensor for hydrogen peroxide
Built HyPerFLEX, a FAST-based color-tunable fluorogenic sensor for high-precision H2O2 detection in living cells.
Chemigenetic Approaches for the Development of Fluorescent Biosensors for Biological Imaging
A review of chemigenetic (hybrid) fluorescent biosensors, including FAST-based designs.
Unequal mitochondrial segregation promotes asymmetric fates during neurogenesis
Used live imaging with Twinkle-team tools to show unequal mitochondrial segregation biases neuron-versus-progenitor fate in neurogenesis.
Early HIV-1 maturation drives Env clustering and fusion competence
Studied how early HIV-1 maturation drives Env clustering and fusion competence, using FAST-family imaging.
Unexpected functional role of the transactivation domain for nuclear import of STAT5
Used CATCHFIRE to reveal an unexpected role of the STAT5 transactivation domain in nuclear import.
Super-Resolution Live-Cell Mapping of Protein-Protein Interactions Using Chemogenetic splitFAST
Mapped protein-protein interactions at super-resolution in live cells using chemogenetic splitFAST.
A guide to characterizing the dynamic mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contact sites
A review guide to characterizing mitochondria-ER contact sites, referencing reversible splitFAST-type reporters.
Improving Split Reporters of Protein–Protein Interactions through Orthology-Based Protein Engineering
Improved splitFAST's brightness and performance for detecting protein-protein interactions using orthology-based protein engineering.
Multiplexed In Vivo Imaging with Fluorescence Lifetime-Modulating Tags
Introduced FAST variants tuned to distinct fluorescence lifetimes, enabling highly multiplexed in-vivo imaging by lifetime rather than color.
Simultaneous detection of membrane contact dynamics and associated Ca2+ signals by reversible chemogenetic reporters
Built reversible splitFAST reporters that simultaneously visualize membrane contact-site dynamics and the Ca2+ signals they carry.
The genetic architecture of protein interaction affinity and specificity
Used splitFAST to quantify how every mutation in the transcription factor JUN reshapes binding across a protein family, mapping interaction affinity and specificity.
Multipartite Fluorogenic Sensors for Monitoring Tyrosine Phosphatase Activity
First steps toward genetically encoded FAST-based sensors for protein tyrosine phosphatase activity.
A versatile bioluminescent probe with tunable color
A tunable-color bioluminescent probe, from FAST-family chemogenetic reporter engineering.
Design of fully synthetic signal peptide library and its use for enhanced secretory production of recombinant proteins in Corynebacterium glutamicum
Built a synthetic signal-peptide library to boost protein secretion in Corynebacterium glutamicum, using FAST-based secretion reporting.
Lactate-mediated mixotrophic co-cultivation of Clostridium drakei and recombinant Acetobacterium woodii for autotrophic production of volatile fatty acids
Engineered a Clostridium/Acetobacterium co-culture for autotrophic fatty-acid production, with FAST as a fluorescent strain marker.
FAM122A ensures cell cycle interphase progression and checkpoint control by inhibiting B55α/PP2A through helical motifs
Used splitFAST complementation to characterize how FAM122A binds and inhibits the B55-alpha/PP2A phosphatase to control the cell cycle.
A fluorogenic complementation tool kit for interrogating lipid droplet–organelle interaction
A fluorogenic splitFAST toolkit for detecting lipid-droplet-organelle contact sites at nanometer scale in living cells.
LowTempGAL: a highly responsive low temperature-inducible GAL system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
A low-temperature-inducible gene-expression system in yeast, read out with FAST-based fluorescence.
Fluorescence lifetime multiplexing with fluorogen activating protein FAST variants
Baranov-group FAST FLIM multiplexing: FAST mutants sharing a fluorogen but differing in fluorescence lifetime, telling several labels apart by lifetime.
Cell-surface receptor-mediated regulation of synaptic organelle distribution controls dendritic spine maturation
Used chemogenetic FAST reporters to study how cell-surface receptors position the spine apparatus for dendritic-spine maturation.
Human MX1 orchestrates the cytoplasmic sequestration of neo-synthesized influenza A virus vRNPs
Applied splitFAST to dissect how human MX1 sequesters newly made influenza vRNPs in the cytoplasm.
A Combination of Library Screening and Rational Mutagenesis Expands the Available Color Palette of the Smallest Fluorogen-Activating Protein Tag nanoFAST
Expanded the color palette of nanoFAST, the smallest (98-aa) fluorogen-activating protein, by mutagenesis and screening.
The multiplicity of thioredoxin systems meets the specific lifestyles of Clostridia
Studied thioredoxin redox systems across Clostridia, using FAST-based anaerobic reporting.
Refining and illuminating acetogenic Eubacterium strains for reclassification and metabolic engineering
Reclassified and metabolically engineered acetogenic Eubacterium strains, using FAST for fluorescent visualization.
Integration of Yeast Episomal/Integrative Plasmid Causes Genotypic and Phenotypic Diversity and Improved Sesquiterpene Production in Metabolically Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Explored how yeast plasmid integration drives phenotypic diversity, using FAST-based auxin-inducible protein degradation.
Inter-organelle contact sites: molecular modulation and generation of new probes to study their dynamics and associated signaling
A study of inter-organelle contact sites introducing new splitFAST-related probes to visualize them.
Inactive ryanodine receptors sustain lysosomal availability for autophagy by promoting ER-lysosomal contact site formation
Used splitFAST to study how inactive ryanodine receptors sustain lysosomal autophagy in Alzheimer's models.
A multi-colour fluorogenic tag and its application in Candida albicans
Applied a multi-colour fluorogenic FAST tag in the fungal pathogen Candida albicans.
Chemogenetic Tools in Focus: Proximity, Conformation, and Sterics
A review of chemogenetic tools (incl. FAST/CATCHFIRE) organized by proximity, conformation and steric mechanisms.
Expression and Subcellular Localization of Lanthipeptides in Human Cells
Expressed and localized lanthipeptides in human cells, using FAST-based fluorescent reporting.
Imaging and proteomics toolkits for studying organelle contact sites
A review of imaging and proteomics toolkits for organelle contact sites, including splitFAST-based approaches.
A guide to genetically-encoded redox biosensors: state of the art and opportunities
A review of genetically encoded redox biosensors that covers FAST-based fluorogenic designs.
A fluorescent reporter system for anaerobic thermophiles
Demonstrated a FAST-based reporter that works in anaerobic thermophiles, where oxygen-dependent GFP fails.
A fluorogenic chemically induced dimerization technology for controlling, imaging and sensing protein proximity
Introduced CATCHFIRE — a small-molecule 'match' that both induces protein proximity and lights it up — for controlling, imaging and sensing protein assembly, transport and interactions.
Engineering of Tunable Allosteric-like Fluorogenic Protein Sensors
Engineered tunable allosteric-like FAST biosensors that switch fluorescence in response to a target biomolecule.
Effeсts of the 70th Amino Acid Residue on the Photostability of FAST Complexes
A FAST T70V mutant showing the 70th residue barely affects brightness or photostability.
Anaerobic fluorescent reporters for live imaging of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Developed anaerobic FAST reporters for live imaging of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in biofilms and low-oxygen conditions.
Microbiome imaging goes à la carte: Incorporating click chemistry into the fluorescence-activating and absorption-shifting tag (FAST) imaging platform
Added click chemistry to FAST imaging to label anaerobic microbiome bacteria in biofilm communities.
Application of the Fluorescence-Activating and Absorption-Shifting Tag (FAST) for Flow Cytometry in Methanogenic Archaea
Applied FAST to flow-cytometry analysis and imaging of methanogenic archaea (M. maripaludis, M. acetivorans).
Fluorogenic chemically induced dimerization
A News & Views highlighting CATCHFIRE — the first chemically induced dimerizer that fluoresces on dimerization.
Endogenous CRISPR/Cas systems for genome engineering in the acetogens Acetobacterium woodii and Clostridium autoethanogenum
Used endogenous CRISPR/Cas systems to engineer acetogens, with FAST for fluorescent readout.
Fluorescence-Activating and Absorption-Shifting Nanoprobes for Anaerobic Tracking
FAST absorption-shifting nanoprobes for tracking anaerobic bacteria.
Transforming chemigenetic bimolecular fluorescence complementation systems into chemical dimerizers
A preprint turning chemigenetic bimolecular fluorescence complementation systems into chemical dimerizers.
Isolating and Engineering Fluorescence-Activating Proteins Using Yeast Surface Display
A protocol for isolating and engineering new fluorescence-activating proteins by yeast surface display.
Fluorescence-Activating and Absorption-Shifting Tags for Advanced Imaging and Biosensing
An Accounts review by the FAST inventor summarizing how FAST-family tags and biosensors work and their imaging and biosensing applications.
Encoding with a fluorescence-activating and absorption-shifting tag generates living bacterial probes for mammalian microbiota imaging
Encoded gut-microbiota bacteria with FAST to create living probes for imaging the mammalian microbiota.
The Fluorescence-Activating and Absorption-Shifting Tag (FAST) Enables Live-Cell Fluorescence Imaging of Methanococcus maripaludis
Showed FAST enables live-cell fluorescence imaging of the methanogenic archaeon Methanococcus maripaludis under anoxic conditions.
Autotrophic lactate production from H2 + CO2 using recombinant and fluorescent FAST-tagged Acetobacterium woodii strains
Engineered fluorescent FAST-tagged Acetobacterium woodii for autotrophic lactate production from H2 + CO2.
Establishment of Green- and Red-Fluorescent Reporter Proteins Based on the Fluorescence-Activating and Absorption-Shifting Tag for Use in Acetogenic and Solventogenic Anaerobes
Established greenFAST and redFAST reporters for use in acetogenic and solventogenic anaerobes.
Production of propionate using metabolically engineered strains of Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum
Engineered Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum for propionate production, tracked with FAST.
New Tools for Anaerobic Bacteria: Metabolically Engineered Strains to Improve Energy Supply, Recombinant Production of Value-Added Products, and Fluorescent Reporter Proteins - ProQuest
A web resource on metabolically engineered anaerobic strains (low-value, non-peer-reviewed item).
Practical observations on the use of fluorescent reporter systems in Clostridioides difficile
Practical observations on using fluorescent reporter systems, including FAST, in Clostridioides difficile.
Recent Advancements in Tracking Bacterial Effector Protein Translocation
A review of methods for tracking bacterial effector-protein translocation, featuring FAST among the reporters.
Engineering of a fluorescent chemogenetic reporter with tunable color for advanced live-cell imaging
Introduced pFAST, a promiscuous FAST that binds a whole palette of fluorogens, letting one tag be imaged in tunable colors across the visible spectrum.
Anaerobic fluorescent reporters for cell identification, microbial cell biology and high-throughput screening of microbiota and genomic libraries
A review of real-time fluorescent reporters — FAST prominent among them — for anaerobes in gene expression, screening and cell biology.
Developing Bright Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)-like Fluorogens for Live-Cell Imaging with Nonpolar Protein−Chromophore Interactions
Developed brighter GFP-like fluorogens for FAST using nonpolar protein-chromophore interactions.
Four species of bacteria deterministically assemble to form a stable biofilm in a millifluidic channel
Used FAST to build and image a stable four-species model biofilm in a millifluidic channel.
Styrene Derivatives of Indole and Pyranone as Fluorogenic Substrates for FAST Protein
Tested styrene derivatives of indole and pyranone as new fluorogens for FAST.
Auxin-mediated protein depletion for metabolic engineering in terpene-producing yeast
An auxin-inducible protein-depletion tool for metabolic engineering in terpene-producing yeast, read out with FAST.
Production of the biocommodities butanol and acetone from methanol with fluorescent FAST-tagged proteins using metabolically engineered strains of Eubacterium limosum
Produced butanol and acetone from methanol in engineered Eubacterium limosum, tracked with fluorescent FAST tags.
NanoFAST: structure-based design of a small fluorogen-activating protein with only 98 amino acids
Introduced NanoFAST, a structure-based minimal fluorogen-activating protein of just 98 amino acids.
Color Tuning of Fluorogens for FAST Fluorogen-Activating Protein
Created a panel of color-shifted benzylidene-imidazolone fluorogens for FAST without losing binding efficiency.
Inheritance of the reduced mitochondria of Giardia intestinalis is coupled to the flagellar maturation cycle
Studied inheritance of Giardia's reduced mitochondria (mitosomes), using FAST-based imaging.
Orthogonal fluorescent chemogenetic reporters for multicolor imaging
Introduced greenFAST and redFAST — spectrally orthogonal FAST variants — for simultaneous two-color imaging in live cells and zebrafish.
Protein-fragment complementation assays for large-scale analysis of protein-protein interactions
A review of protein-fragment complementation assays for large-scale PPI analysis, including splitFAST.
Illuminating Cellular Biochemistry: Fluorogenic Chemogenetic Biosensors for Biological Imaging
A review of fluorogenic chemogenetic biosensors, including FAST-based designs, for reading out cellular biochemistry by fluorescence.
Sensing cellular biochemistry with fluorescent chemical–genetic hybrids
A review arguing that hybrid chemical-genetic reporters like FAST overcome the photostability and brightness limits of fluorescent-protein biosensors.
A Far-Red Emitting Fluorescent Chemogenetic Reporter for In Vivo Molecular Imaging
Introduced frFAST, a far-red FAST variant, for spectral multiplexing and deep-tissue in-vivo imaging in zebrafish and mammalian cells.
Fluorescent secreted bacterial effectors reveal active intravacuolar proliferation of Listeria monocytogenes in epithelial cells
Showed FAST can tag secreted bacterial effectors, revealing Listeria actively proliferating inside epithelial-cell vacuoles in real time.
Visualizing the dynamics of exported bacterial proteins with the chemogenetic fluorescent reporter FAST
Used FAST to visualize the dynamics of proteins exported to the bacterial cell surface.
Interspecies Microbial Fusion and Large-Scale Exchange of Cytoplasmic Proteins and RNA in a Syntrophic Clostridium Coculture
Revealed interspecies cytoplasmic exchange in a Clostridium coculture, using FAST-based fluorescent tracking.
Development of Strong Anaerobic Fluorescent Reporters for Clostridium acetobutylicum and Clostridium ljungdahlii Using HaloTag and SNAP-tag Proteins
Developed strong anaerobic FAST reporters for Clostridium acetobutylicum and C. ljungdahlii.
Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy with the Fluorescence-Activating and Absorption-Shifting Tag (FAST) System
Demonstrated FAST for single-molecule localization super-resolution microscopy, exploiting its fast fluorogen on/off binding to pinpoint molecules.
A split fluorescent reporter with rapid and reversible complementation
Introduced splitFAST — FAST split into two fragments that fluoresce only when reunited — a rapid, reversible readout of transient protein-protein interactions in live cells.
Next-Generation Fluorogen-Based Reporters and Biosensors for Advanced Bioimaging
A review of next-generation fluorogen-based reporters and biosensors, covering FAST and related chemogenetic systems for advanced bioimaging.
A Strongly Fluorescing Anaerobic Reporter and Protein-Tagging System for Clostridium Organisms Based on the Fluorescence-Activating and Absorption-Shifting Tag Protein (FAST)
First strongly fluorescent, oxygen-independent FAST reporter and protein-tagging system for anaerobic Clostridium.
Red-Shifted Substrates for FAST Fluorogen-Activating Protein Based on the GFP-Like Chromophores
Reported a red-fluorescent GFP-like fluorogen for FAST for live-cell microscopy.
Live cell super resolution imaging by radial fluctuations using fluorogen binding tags
Applied FAST to super-resolution radial-fluctuation (SRRF) imaging, exploiting its stochastic fluorogen binding.
Fluorogenic Probing of Membrane Protein Trafficking
Used FAST with a non-permeant fluorogen to selectively image cell-surface versus intracellular proteins, tracking membrane-protein trafficking.
Engineering <i>Clostridium</i> organisms as microbial cell-factories: challenges & opportunities
A review of engineering Clostridium as microbial cell factories, where FAST features as an anaerobic reporter.
The inducible chemical-genetic fluorescent marker FAST outperforms classical fluorescent proteins in the quantitative reporting of bacterial biofilm dynamics
Showed the inducible FAST marker outperforms classical GFP-family reporters for quantifying bacterial biofilm dynamics.
Improved Chemical-Genetic Fluorescent Markers for Live Cell Microscopy
Introduced improved FAST variants (iFAST and tandem tdFAST) as brighter chemical-genetic markers for live-cell microscopy.
Fluorogenic Protein-Based Strategies for Detection, Actuation, and Sensing
A BioEssays review by the FAST inventors on fluorogenic protein-based strategies for detection, actuation and sensing — a strong secondary source for Wikipedia.
Dynamic multicolor protein labeling in living cells
Showed FAST can be imaged in several colors by swapping fluorogens, enabling dynamic multicolor labeling of proteins in living cells.
Fluorogenic Labeling Strategies for Biological Imaging
A review of fluorogenic labeling strategies for lighting up proteins and RNA in live cells, situating FAST among the emerging chemogenetic tools.
High-throughput, image-based screening of pooled genetic-variant libraries
A high-throughput image-based screening method for pooled genetic-variant libraries, with FAST-relevant readout.
Small-Molecule-Induced and Cooperative Enzyme Assembly on a 14-3-3 Scaffold
Studied small-molecule-induced enzyme assembly on a 14-3-3 scaffold — early induced-proximity work relevant to CATCHFIRE.
Small fluorescence-activating and absorption-shifting tag for tunable protein imaging in vivo
The founding FAST paper: a 14-kDa tag, half the size of GFP, that fluoresces only while reversibly bound to its fluorogen — giving wash-free, tunable, reversible protein labeling.
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